FLOWER COLLECTIONS

Flowers are ubiquitous in nature providing food for insects, birds, animals, and humans; they also act as natural medicines for humans and some animals, and they aid in a plant's reproduction by attracting pollinators.  Flowers have played a significant role in our lives for many centuries. Flowers are considered to be a symbol of love, beauty, and a natural gift. We use flowers to elicit feelings of love and happiness because they have the ability to uplift and cheer people. Flowers have played a significant role in our lives for many centuries.

The BSED Science Virtual Museum of Natural History's Flower collections have curated a collection of flower specimens from the Philippines to showcase their environmental, cultural, and medical importance.

FLOWERS FIRST APPEARED ABOUT 130 MILLION YEARS AGO DURING THE CRETACEOUS PERIOD.

Earth wasn’t beautifully adorned with flowers during its primal years. There were only ferns and cone-bearing trees. But once flowers took root on the planet, they swiftly diversified into an explosion of colorful and intriguing varieties.

Convention on Biological Diversity. 

DIVISION: SPERMATOPHYTA

Acalypha hispida

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Euphorbiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Genus: Acalypha L. Species: Acalypha hispida Common Name: Red-hot Cat’s TailCurator: Bañares, Eros Husse V. (2022)Collection Site: Ususan, Taguig CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-001
A fast-growing evergreen shrub with showy red catkins that can exceed 40cm long. It is coupled with large lush mid-green leaves; this plant adds a tropical feel to any garden. It tolerates a wide range of soil pH and soil textures including clay soils and it likes moderate moisture but not too wet. It has some drought tolerance once established, but it does not tolerate salt. The leaves are laxative, diuretic and used in the treatment of leprosy and gonorrhea. Different parts of the plant are also used in infectious diarrhea, pulmonary problems, and as an expectorant in asthma. The plant is dioecious, and therefore there are distinct male and female members of the species. Although it’s non-toxic to cats and dogs, according to the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, it can be mildly toxic to people.

Agapanthus africanus

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Asparagales Family: Amaryllidaceae Genus: Agapanthus Species: Agapanthus africanus Common Name: Lily of the NileCurator: Carlos, Maria Eloisa S. (2022)Collection Site: Dangwa, Manila CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-002
Agapanthus africanus (Lily of the Nile) is a lovely African lily with showy rounded clusters of fragrant, blue, funnel-shaped flowers in early to mid-summer. They rise on stiff, upright stalks atop clumps of beautiful, evergreen, strap-shaped, linear, grass-like leaves. Their foliage mounds remain attractive when the plants are not in bloom. There are a lot of studies that show the medicinal importance of A. Africanus. One of them is that, ethanolic extract of A. Africanus rhizomes showed significant antifungal activity against human pathogens– Trychophyton, Mentagrophytes, and Sporothrix schenekii.

Antirrhinum majus

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Dicotyledonae Order: Schrophylariales Family: Scrophulariaceae Genus: Antirrhinum Species: Antirrhinum majus Common Name: SnapdragonCurator: Almario, Ian Gabriel J. (2022) Collection Site: Tondo, Manila CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-003
Snapdragons are mostly short-lived perennial plants, though some species are annuals. The simple leaves are usually lance-shaped. The flowers are tubular, bilaterally symmetrical, and usually large with a closed liplike mouth that excludes most insects but can be forced open by strong bees, the main pollinators. The flowers can be white, yellow, orange, red, pink, or lavender or combinations of those colors. It was used traditionally as a diuretic, for the treatment of scurvy, liver disorders, and tumors. The leaves and flowers were used as antiphlogistic, resolvent, and stimulants and can be made into an ointment for rashes and sunburns. Crushed flowers, mixed with almond oil and warmed, can be applied to the skin to treat sprains, strains, hemorrhoids, rashes, redness, and inflammation. This same concoction can provide relief for stiff muscles and aching backs. An infusion of the flowers and leaves can be gargled to treat sores and ulcers of the mouth. Snapdragon tea has been used as a remedy for sore throat. The leaves and flowers contain the soothing and softening agent mucilage as well as gallic acid, pectin, and resin.

Antirrhinum majus

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Dicotyledonae Order: Schrophylariales Family: Scrophulariaceae Genus: Antirrhinum Species: Antirrhinum majus Common Name: SnapdragonCurator: Canonoy, Jemina Camille L. (2022)Collection Site: Sta. Cruz, Manila City Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-004
Common snapdragon, also known as Antirrhinum majus, is a species of flowering plant in the Antirrhinum genus. They bloom once in the spring and once more in the fall in warmer climates. The length of a single blossom ranges from 3.8 to 5.1 cm, or 1.5 to 2 inches. For biochemical and developmental genetics, the cultivated snapdragon Antirrhinum majus was utilized as a model. Due to its easy cultivation, diploid inheritance, and variety in shape and blossom color, it became a model organism in early studies of inheritance and mutation.

Bidens pilosa

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Bidens Species: Bidens pilosa Common Name: Beggar's TicksCurator: Mejia, Lyka L. (2022)Collection Site: Taytay, Rizal Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-005
Bidens pilosa is a tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate weed found worldwide. This species has a high reproductive potential and rapid growth rates, which allow it to spread and colonize new areas quickly. Allelopathic substances found in the leaf and root inhibit the germination and establishment of seedlings of native plant species. Based on the study conducted by Xuan et al (2016), over the last 40 years, actual research has concentrated on the pharmacological and phytochemical properties of B. pilosa in order to validate its use in traditional folk medicine. The application of B. pilosa as a potential herbal drug is attainable, and valid clinical testing to establish efficacy is still uncommon. Furthermore, Bidens pilosa is effective in treating rat colitis. This could be due to decreased leukocyte infiltration, inhibition of oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Chrysanthemum rubellum

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Dicotyledonae Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Chrysanthemum Species: Chrysanthemum rubellum Common Name: Red Malaysian MumCurator: Castro, Ana Beatrice S. (2022)Collection Site: Dangwa, Manila CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-006
Chrysanthemum rubellum is another group of hardy chrysanthemums. They are easy-to-grow perennials in the Asteraceae family. They tend to reach 2 to 3 feet in height and spread to form open and loose clumps.  These edible blooms have culinary uses in addition to being frequently used as garden ornaments and a natural bug deterrent. Iron, which is crucial for growth and development and aids in the transport of oxygen via the blood, is abundant in chrysanthemum tea. Red chrysanthemums stand for passionate love.

Coccinia grandis

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Dicotyledonea Order: Violales Family: Cucurbitaceae Genus: Coccinia Species: Coccinia grandis Common Name: Ivy GourdCurator: Aracena, Glenn Ivanne C. (2022)Collection Site: Trece Martires City, Cavite Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-007
The flower is large and white about 4 cm in diameter and contains five long tubular petals. Together with its stem, it is a vigorous climbing vine that may swiftly spread over trees, bushes, fences, and other supports. It may be grown outside, although it loves a sunny, protected location with sandy soil. It can spread vegetatively or by seed because it is a perennial plant. Coccinia grandis is a medicinal plant that was used in ancient times to relieve irritation and swelling caused by insect bites. In vitro, Coccinia grandis’ leaf extract might reduce cytotoxicity caused by hydrogen peroxide exposure. It also helped with wound healing by stimulating the migration of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Because of the ease and low cost of Coccinia maintenance, this medicinal plant might be used as a natural antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent, and wound care product.

Daucus carota

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Dicotyledonae Order: Apiales Family: Apiaceae Genus: Daucus Species: Daucus carota Common Name: Queen Anne's LaceCurator: Almario, Ian Gabriel J. (2022) Collection Site: Tondo, Manila CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-008
Queen Anne’s lace herb (Daucus carota) can reach heights of about 1 to 4 feet (31-120 cm.) high. This plant has attractive, fern-like foliage and tall, hairy stems that hold a flattened cluster of tiny white flowers, with a single dark-colored floret just off its center. Its seeds have been used for centuries as a contraceptive; they were prescribed by physicians as an abortifacient, a sort of “morning-after” pill. The seeds have also been used as a remedy for hangovers, and the leaves and seeds are both used to settle the gastrointestinal system. Queen Anne’s lace is quite pungent (warming, drying) in flavor. They contain volatile oils, and many aromatic plants with high volatile oil content have a carminative action, which makes them useful for easing gastrointestinal cramping, gas, and bloating.

Delonix Regia

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Dicotyledonae Order: Fabales Family: Fabacea Genus: Delonix Species: Delonix regia Common Name: FlamboyantCurator: Torral, Jessam G. (2022) Collection Site: Rodriguez, Rizal Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-009
Delonix regia is a species of flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae, subfamily Delonix Regia (Fire Flowering Tree) is noted for its fern-like leaves and flamboyant display of orange-red flowers over summer (Rivers M., 2014). The flowers of Delonix regia are large, with four spreading scarlet or orange-red petals up to 8 cm (3 in) long, and a fifth upright petal called the standard, which is slightly larger and spotted with yellow and white. The leaves, flowers, seeds, and bark of this plant contain a range of medicinally active compounds, though the leaves are generally anti-inflammatory of most of these compounds. The plant is reported to have antibacterial, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cardio-protective, gastro-protective, hepato-protective, and wound healing activity.

Etlingera eliator

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: MonocotyledonaeOrder: Zingiberales Family: Zingiberaceae Genus: Etlingera Species: Etlingera elatior Common Name: Torch GingerCurator: Valenzuela, Genesis Jr. F. (2022)Collection Site: Binangonan, Rizal Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-010
In traditional dishes, E. elatior flower, inflorescence, and fruit are widely used as food ingredients because of the bright red shape, distinctive taste, and smell, which can increase the taste of the dishes. The consumption of E. elatior in foods is considered to have high nutritional value such as unsaturated fatty acids, proteins, amino acids, and other mineral compounds as well as low contaminants of heavy metals. The composition of protein, fat, and fiber in the dried flower was 12.6, 18.2, and 17%, respectively.

Gomphrena globose

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllales Family: Amaranthaceae Genus: Gomphrena Species: Gomphrena globosa Common Name: Globe AmaranthCurator: Villanueva, Rio L. (2022) Collection Site: Pola, Oriental MindoroCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-011
Gomphrena globosa is a perennial plant native to Central America that is currently grown as an ornamental, a source of betacyanin for use in food and cosmetics, and traditional medicine. It is endemic to the region and is now grown all over the world. It is increasingly found in waste areas and disturbed locations in tropical and subtropical nations after escaping cultivation in gardens. Clinical studies have demonstrated the antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant effects of whole plant methanol extract.

Gypsophila paniculata

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Class: Dicotyledonae Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Gypsophila Species: Gypsophila paniculataCommon Name: Baby's BreathCurator: Hernandez V, Cornelio A. (2022)Collection Site: Bagong Silang, Caloocan CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-012
Gypsophila paniculata (baby's breath) is a perennial herb native to Europe and Asia. This flower species can grow to 2-3 feet and 60-90 cm wide. The flowers are very small, either single or double, and the leaves' colors are blue green. This flower has an ornamental value and is used as major export for many countries. According to the study of Gevrenova et al., (2010), Gypsophila species can produce up to 30 various saponins, an important ingredient in making soaps. In terms of medicinal properties, G. paniculata possesses cytotoxic, antibacterial, and anti-parasitic effects (Gevrenova et al., 2014; USDA-ARS, 2014).

Helianthus annuus

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: SpermatophytaClass: DicotyledonaeOrder: AsteralesFamily: AsteraceaeGenus: HelianthusSpecies: Helianthus annusCommon Name: SunflowerCurator: Castro, Ana Beatrice S. (2022)Collection Site: Dangwa, Manila CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-013
Sunflower is a tall, fast-growing annual with broad, oval to heart-shaped, roughly hairy leaves, and yellow petals surrounding a dark chocolate central disk. It can achieve up to 12 feet of growth in only 3 months. Sunflower is indigenous to North America, but it was brought to the Philippines by Spanish sailors during the Spanish colonial period.  The leaves are used as fodder, the flowers yield a yellow dye, and the seeds contain oil and are used for food. It is presently the third most productive oilseed in the world. Sunflower seeds offer a great source of vitamin E which is an antioxidant and helps to keep your skin and eyes in good health as well as your immune system.

Heliconia psittacorum

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Spermatophyta

Class: Monocotyledonae

Order: Zingiberales

Family: Heliconiaceae

Genus: Heliconia

Species: Heliconia psittacorum

Common Name: Parakeet Flower

Curator: Ayunayun, Charlene T. (2022)

Collection Site: Quezon City

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-014

Heliconia psittacorum is an erect, evergreen perennial forming dense tufts of lanceolate, bright intense green leaves adorned with prominent central nervation and pointed tips. The pseudostems emerge from underground rhizomes. The inflorescences, or clusters of flowers, are quite distinctive and range in colorful hues of red, orange, yellow, and green. It has no particular blooming season and produces inflorescences all year long. The flowers produce an abundance of nectar and the color, shape, and curve of the flowers are adapted to hummingbirds. They are followed by fleshy, rounded, dark blue fruits. Great for tropical gardens, the blossoms last for weeks and are excellent in flower arrangements.

Heliconia psittacorum x spathocircinata

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Spermatophyta

Class: Monocotyledon

Order: Zingiberales

Family: Heliconiaceae

Genus: Heliconia L.

Species: Heliconia psittacorum x spathocircinata

Common Name: Golden Torch

Curator: Torral, Jessam G. (2022)

Collection Site: Rodriguez, Rizal

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-015

Tlingera elatior flowers are elongated, tapered buds on top of tall stalks stabilized by underground rhizomes. flowers are tightly closed, forming a flame-like shape, and range in color from pink, red, to white. As the flower blooms, the bracts will open, revealing small colorful flower petals. It is native to Southeast Asia belonging to the Zingiberaceae or ginger family. Torch Ginger flowers are a good source of fiber to stimulate the digestive tract and contain antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties to boost the immune system. The buds also provide antioxidants such as vitamin C to protect the body against external aggressors and have some magnesium to regulate nerve functioning, vitamin K to assist in faster wound healing, and calcium to build strong bones and teeth.

Heliconia rostrata

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Spermatophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Zingiberales

Family: Heliconiaceae

Genus: Heliconia

Species: Heliconia rostrata

Common Name: Lobster Claws

Curator: Villanueva, Rio L. (2022)

Collection Site: Pola, Oriental Mindoro

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-016

Heliconia rostrata is a huge perennial herbaceous plant with stunning flowers. Their yellow perianths and scarlet-red bracts contrast to create clusters of dangling flowers. The majority of the Caribbean and South American nations' subtropical and tropical jungles are home to this plant. Large leaves, quick growth, and persistent inflorescence are a few of its most noticeable traits. Due to these factors, the lobster claw is now a highly sought-after ornamental resource on a global scale.

Hibiscus mutabilis

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Malvales 

Family: Malvaceae 

Genus: Hibiscus L. 

Species: Hibiscus mutabilis 

Common Name: Dixie Rosemallow

Curator: Bañares, Eros Husse V. (2022)

Collection Site: Ususan, Taguig City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-017

The Hibiscus mutabilis is a deciduous shrub growing to 3 m (9ft) by 3 m (9ft). It is in flower from August to October, and the seeds ripen from September to November. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. It grows well in full sun or partial shade and prefers rich, well-drained soil. The plant is harvested from the wild mainly as a medicinal plant and source of fiber. It is widely cultivated in tropical and occasionally in temperate areas as an ornamental plant, valued particularly for its flowers, which change color as the day progresses.

Jatropha integerrima

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Spermatophyta

Class: Dicotyledonae

Order: Euphorbiales

Family: Euphorboaceae

Genus: Jatropha

Species: Jatropha integerrima

Common Name: Peregrina

Curator: Español, Mary Rose V. (2022)

Collection Site: San Juan City

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-018

This native of Cuba slender-stemmed, multi-trunked tropical evergreen tree or large shrub reaches 15 feet in height with an equal spread and has unusual 3 to 6-inch-long leaves that vary in shape from oblong, fiddle-shaped, or even-lobed. The 1-inch-wide bright red or pink flowers bloom all year in beautiful clusters held upright above the foliage, making the fire-cracker an interesting specimen plant. Because of its eye-catching red blossoms, Jatropha integerrima is utilized in horticulture. They have been used to treat rheumatism, eczema, warts, pruritus, tumors, toothaches, and other conditions.

Juncus acuminatus

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophya 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Poales 

Family: Juncaceae 

Genus: Juncus 

Species: Juncus acuminatus 

Common Name: Taper Tip Rush

Curator: Emocling, Hanes Hardee A. (2022) 

Collection Site: Benguet, Baguio City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-019

The Juncus acuminatus is a species of rush known by the common names taper tip rush, tufted rush, and sharp-fruited rush. It is native to North and Central America, where it can be found in and around water bodies from central Canada to Honduras. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb forming clumps up to about 80 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is an open array of many clusters of up to 20 flowers each. The flower has pointed segments a few millimeters long which may be light reddish-brown to greenish in color. Taper tip rush can be found in wet meadows, on the edge of ponds, streams, and marshes. Taper tip rush grows slow after harvest, has a high tolerance in anaerobic soil, has medium calcareous soil tolerance, and when in terms of precipitation tolerance with just 55 inches.

Lagerstroemia indica

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Spermatophyta

Class: Dicotyledonae

Order: Myrtales

Family: Lythraceae

Genus: Lagerstroemia

Species: Lagerstroemia indica

Common Name: Indian crepe myrtle 

Curator: Español, Mary Rose V. (2022)

Collection Site: Rodriguez. Rizal

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-020

Crepe myrtle is a widely commercialized, upright, wide-spreading, multi-stemmed, deciduous ornamental shrub or small tree that grows to about 7 m tall with a spread of 4m and a moderate annual growth rate of about 25 cm. In spring and early summer, clusters of flower buds form at the tips of the shoots and burst open to reveal their brilliant crinkled petals from June to September. The saponin, tannin, and flavonoid components of crepe myrtle are excellent for treating a number of health issues, including overcoming diabetes. The corosolic acid found in crepe myrtle leaves is one of the natural components that can aid in boosting the production of insulin. The leaves of the crepe myrtle can be extracted to produce corosolic acid.

Lantana camara

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Lamiales 

Family: Verbenaceae 

Genus: Lantana L. 

Species: Lantana camara 

Common Name: Lantana

Curator: Mejia, Lyka L. (2022)

Collection Site: Taytay, Rizal 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-021

L. Camara is a highly variable neotropical ornamental shrub. The flowers may be yellow, orange, white, pale violet, pink, or red. According to studies, Lantana camara has antimicrobial properties. In a study of the wound healing activity of Lantana camara.  The results of a burn wound model in Sprague Dawley rats revealed antimicrobial activity but not wound healing activity. (5) In a pre-clinical study, Lantana camara  was found to have wound healing activity. The results showed that LC is effective in healing excision wounds in the experimental animal, implying that it should be studied further as a therapeutic agent in tissue repair processes associated with injuries. Moreover, Lantana camara’s leaves oil contains sufficient antibacterial activity on human pathogenic strains, according to studies. Additionally, it can be used as insecticidal, anti-mycobacterial, antihelmintic (leaves), Antifungal (leaves), and more.

Limonium sinuatum

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Magnoliosida 

Order: Caryophyllales 

Family: Plumbaginaceae 

Genus: Limonium 

Species: Limonium sinuatum 

Common Name: Wavyleaf Sea Lavender

Curator: Soriaga, Leila Jeanina B. (2022)

Collection Site: Quezon City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-022

Limonium sinuatum, commonly known as Wavyleaf Sea Lavender or Statice, is an herbaceous perennial that is native to Northern Africa, Western Asia, and Europe and grows annually. It is commonly used in dried arrangements. It is drought tolerance as it does best in sandy or loam well-drained soils in full sun. Its flower color can be blue, yellow, pink, purple, red, or white.

Neolamarckia cadamba

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Dicotyledonae 

Order: Gentianales 

Family: Rubiaceae 

Genus: Neolamarckia 

Species: Neolamarckia cadamba 

Common Name: Burflower Tree

Curator: Emocling, Hanes Hardee A. (2022) 

Collection Site: Rosario, La Union 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-023

The Neolamarckia cadamba, commonly known as burflower-tree or laran, locally is an evergreen, tropical tree native to South and Southeast Asia. It has scented orange flowers in dense globe-shaped clusters. The tree has large glossy leaves, umbrella-shaped crown, and a cylindrical bole. The fruits are round and fleshy with numerous tiny seeds. Neolamarckia cadamba is an ayurvedic medicine used for treating diabetes. It is also beneficial for the management of infections caused by a range of organisms. This herb is known to possess strong medicinal properties, which help to improve the health of the person. It is also well known for its wound healing properties since ancient times, has pain and inflammation reducing properties, and Works as an antibacterial and antifungal agent, and many others.

Petraeovitex bambusetorum

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Lamiales 

Family: Lamiaceae 

Genus: Petraeovitex 

Species: Petraeovitex bambusetorum 

Common Name: Nong Nooch Vine 

Curator: Hernandez V, Cornelio A. (2022)

Collection Site: Bagong Silang, Caloocan City

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-024

Petraeovitex bambusetorum (Nong Nooch Vine) is a tropical and perennial plant with green, glossy, and trifoliate leaves. The leaf shape is ovate and glabrous arranged in opposite pairs on the stem. The stem is long and twinning while the flowers are creamy-white and the bracts are yellow (Flora & Fauna Web, 2022). This rare flower is only used for ornamental purposes as it provides both aesthetics and privacy in the garden. To date, no medicinal and cultural importance has been recorded in this species.

Saintpaulia ionantha

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Dicotyledonae 

Order: Scrophulariales 

Family: Gesneriaceae 

Genus: Saintpaulia 

Species: Saintpaulia ionantha 

Common Name: African Violet Mildew

Curator: Dublin, Merry Grace Prize (2022)

Collection Site: Caloocan City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-025

African violets grow from 2 to 6 inches tall, and anywhere from about 3 inches around to well over a foot, depending on the type. Most of the plants display flower clusters at the center, just above the foliage, surrounded by rosette-like layers of dark green leaves. Some cultivars feature flowers with semi-double or double layers of petals, bicolored flowers, trailing growth habits, or miniature sizes. The leaves of African Violet reduce blood pressure, relieve cough, aid in digestion, and reduce inflammation.

Solanum melongena

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Solanales 

Family: Solanaceae 

Genus: Solanum 

Species: Solanum melongena 

Common Name: Eggplant

Curator: Aracena, Glenn Ivanne C. (2022)

Collection Site: Trece Martires City, Cavite 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-026

Eggplant flowers are star-shaped flowers and come in a variety of purple colors. They are ideal and mostly self-pollinating but sometimes with the assistance of bees, ants, and other insects. They have five united and persistent sepals, five united and cup-shaped petals, five stamens that alternate with the corolla, joined carpels, and superior ovaries that are grouped single or in inflorescence. Fresh eggplant fruits include 7.1-11 % dry substances, 2.72-4% sugars, 0.6-1.4 perc% protein, 1.3 mg/100g iron, 0.05 mg/100g thiamin, 0.05 mg/100g riboflavin, 0.5 mg/100g vitamin PP, 9 mg/100g vitamin C, and mineral solts. Eggplants have a high quantity of nasunin on their deep-purple outer skin, an antioxidant that aids in the protection of brain cell membranes against free radical damage. It also aids in the transfer of nutrients into cells and the removal of waste.

Symphyotrichum ericoides

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Spermatophyta

Class: Dicotyledonae

Order: Asterales

Family: Asteraceae

Genus: Symphyotrichum

Species: Symphyotrichum ericoides

Common Name:  Heath Aster

Curator: Canonoy, Jemina Camille L. (2022)

Collection Site: Sta. Cruz, Manila City

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-027

Heath Aster plants can reach heights of one to three feet. At the base of the plant, leaves are 3 inches long and 1 inch wide. They get smaller as they ascend the stem, becoming less than 1 inch long and 1/8 inch wide at the stems that bear flowers. It is a perennial plant. One of the benefits of Heath Aster is that it is its faunal associations. The flowers are attractive to a wide range of insects, including wasps, flies, butterflies, skippers, moths, beetles, and plant bugs. In addition to honeybees, bumblebees, cuckoo bees, little carpenter bees, leaf-cutter bees, Halictid bees, plasterer bees, and Andrenid bees are among the bee species that visit. There are several different species of wasps that come, including thread-waisted wasps, bee wolves, spider wasps, sand wasps, paper wasps, Ichneumonid wasps, and Braconid wasps.

Torenia fournieri

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Lamiales 

Family: Linderniaceae 

Genus: Torenia L. 

Species: Torenia fournieri 

Common Name: Wishbone Flower

Curator: Dublin, Merry Grace Prize (2022)

Collection Site: Caloocan City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-028

The bluewings or wishbone flower, is an annual plant in the Linderniaceae, with blue, white, or pink flowers that have yellow markings. It is typically grown as a landscape annual, reaching 12–15 in. tall. It has simple opposite or subopposite leaves with serrated edges. The wishbone flower is a short ground-hugging beauty with profuse and delicate blooms.

Tulipa gesneriana

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Spermatophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Liliales 

Family: Liliaceae 

Genus: Tulipa L. 

Species: Tulipa gesneriana 

Common Name: Tulips

Curator: Carlos, Maria Eloisa S. (2022)

Collection Site: Dangwa, Manila City

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-029

Tulipa gesneriana is a bulb growing to 0.5 m. It flowers from April to May. The species is hermaphrodite (which has both male and female organs). It is suitable for: sandy and loam soils and prefers well-drained soil. It prefers moist soil. The Bulb of the Tulip can be cooked. Also, it can be dried and ground into a powder and then mixed with cereals when making bread, etc. though some caution is advised.

Zinnia elegans

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Spermatophyta

Class: Dicotyledonae

Order: Asterales

Family: Asteraceae

Genus: Zinnia

Species: Zinnia elegans

Common Name: Zinnia

Curator: Ayunayun, Charlene T. (2022)

Collection Site: Santa Maria, Bulacan

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-030

Zinnia is a low, coarse, erect, upright, annual herb, growing to a height of 1 to 3 feet. Leaves are opposite, ovate or nearly elliptic, with the base clasping the stem. The Flower head is terminal, single- or double-flowered. Ray flowers are reflected in various colors, disk flowers usually yellow or orange, but also seen in red, pink, white, and lavender. A Study suggests antioxidant, antifungal, hepatoprotective, anthelmintic, phytoremediation, and antimalarial properties. In Brazil, curanderos, or traditional healers put zinnia leaves (Z. elegans) on top of a patient's head to cure madness.

DIVISION: TRACHEOPHYTA

Alstroemeria aurea

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Liliales 

Family: Astromeriaceae 

Genus: Alstroemeria 

Species: Alstroemeria aurea 

Common Name: Peruvian Lily

Curator: Manuel, Sarah Joy A. (2022) 

Collection Site: Lingayen, Pangasinan 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-031

Alstroemeria aurea Flower's colors vary from orange, pink, rose, purple, red, yellow, white, and salmon. Flowers are often streaked or spotted with dark colors. Flowers are bilaterally symmetrical with 6 petal-like parts and long-lasting cut flowers. As a symbol of devotion, Peruvian lilies are usually used as a decorative flower in a Bouquet. The depth of meanings for Peruvian lilies is a compliment to their beauty, and the message that these flowers send is profound in their authentic simplicity.

Anthurium andraeanum

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Alismateles

Family: Aracea

Genus: Anthurium

Species: Anthurium andraeanum

Common Name: Painter's Pallete

Curator: Termo, Marc Christian R. (2022)

Collection Site: Apalit, Pampanga

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-032

Anthurium andraeanum is a small, upright herbaceous plant that grows to 40 cm in height. It has dark green leathery leaves that can reach up to 20 cm long. The most notable feature of this plant is its unique flower composed of a cream-yellow tail-like spadix and bright red spathe that is wide, flat, and waxy. This flower is commonly used in different floral arrangements, from weddings to funerals. Commonly known as anthurium in the Philippines, is almost always present on different occasions.

Averrhoa bilimbi L.

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Oxalidales 

Family: Oxalidaceae 

Genus: Averrhoa L. 

Species: Averrhoa bilimbi L. 

Common Name: Bilimbi/Kamias

Curator: Vargas, Cedric Christian S. (2022)

Collection Site: Novaliches, Quezon City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-033

The flowers are purplish red. Occurs on the trunk or branches in pendulous clusters. And matures into a bilimbi fruit. The flowers in size are small and have at least 5 petals all having the string purplish-red hue. The Bilimbi provides the Kamias fruits which are edible.

Bougainvillea glabra

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Caryophyllales 

Family: Nyctaginaceae 

Genus: Bougainvillea 

Species: Bougainvillea glabra 

Common Name: Lesser Bougainvillea

Curator: Masangkay, Cherie Anne M. (2022) 

Collection Site: Baseco Port Area, Manila City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-034

Bougainvillea glabra (Bougainvillea or paper flower) is a spiny, evergreen plant, or a climbing shrub producing stems up to 7 meters or more, with short and thin thorns which curve at the tips, that is native to South America. The thinner branches spread in many directions. The flowers are small and cream-colored, tube in shape, flowers continuously through the entire branch, covered by distinctive triangle-shaped, pointed red bracts. The plant has local medicinal uses such as the leaves which are considered to have anti-inflammatory activity, anthelmintic and antibacterial. It is also used in a variety of disorders like diarrhea, reduces acidity, cough and sore throat decoction of dried flowers for the blood vessels and leucorrhea and decoction of the stem in hepatitis. Lastly, its most acknowledged benefit is the ability of the flowers in dealing with respiratory problems such as healing cough, possess expectorant property which supports the discharge of mucus from respiratory tract, and relieving sore throat.

Bougainvillea spectabilis

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Caryophyllales 

Family: Nyctaginaceae 

Genus: Bougainvillea 

Species: Bougainvillea spectabilis 

Common Name: Great Bougainvillea

Curator: Tinaco, Carla P. (2022)

Collection Site: San Andres, Manila City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-035

Bougainvillea spectabilis is a tropical perennial shrubby vine that is native to Brazil. It can be distinguished from similar-looking species by looking for the flower’s rounded floral tubes and longer floral bracts. With its flower colors ranging from white to red, the said species is a woody climber that anchors itself on objects or other plants using its curved thorns carried in the leaf axils and quasi-twining stems. In the Philippines, Bougainvillea is locally referred to as “bugambilia” or “bougies” and is one of the most popular ornamental plants in the country, so much so that it is commonly seen in public spaces. Furthermore, the extract and decoction of the Bougainvillea spectabilis have been used as fertility control among the tribal people in varying countries. Bougainvillea also contains pinitol, an anti-diabetic agent which has an insulin-like effect and is seen as a treatment for diabetes.

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Fabales 

Family: Fabaceae 

Genus: Caesalpinia 

Species: Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Common Name: Peacock Flower

Curator: Romero, Cynthia C. (2022) 

Collection Site: Taytay, Rizal

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-036

Caesalpinia pulcherrima, generally known as Peacock Flower, is a tropical evergreen small tree of the Caesalpiniaceae family native to the West Indies through Mexico. In a conical inflorescence, brilliant red-orange blooms and yellow double-ring flowers grow. Make a long red stamen protrude from the middle of the petal. It is recognized as a prefectural flower in Okinawa, together with Ixora chinensis and Erythrina variegata (Deigo). Royal Poinciana is one of the three largest flower trees in the world, and this species of shrub is also known as a fly-eyebrow (Princess Phoenix woman). "Simple" is the flower language.

Camellia sasanqua

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Ericales 

Family: Theaceae 

Genus: Camellia

Species: Camellia sasanqua 

Common Name: Sasanqua camellia

Curator: Salazar, Joanna Mae B. (2022)

Collection Site: Baesa, Caloocan City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-037

Camellia sasanqua is a showy, broadleaf evergreen, woody shrub in the Theaceae family native to Japan. This camellia species is a rapid grower that can grow up to 6 to 14 feet high by 5 to 7 feet wide. Flowers are axillary 2 to 3 inches across varying from white to pink colors. The plant requires full sun to partial shade and well-drained soils with a neutral to acidic pH as they are intolerant of alkaline soils. Camellias are susceptible to a number of fungal diseases including leaf spots, anthracnose, viruses, black mold, petal blight, canker, and root rot. Camellia sasanqua leaves besides Camellia sasanqua are one of the most popular plants for caffeinated black tea. Virgin Camellia sasanqua oil also showed to have triacylglyceride, antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

Catharanthus roseus

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Gentianales 

Family: Apocynaceae 

Genus: Catharanthus 

Species: Catharanthus roseus 

Common Name: Magdascar Periwinkle

Curator: Dellosa, Jeffrey D. (2022)

Collection Site: Barangka Itaas, Mandaluyong 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-038

Catharanthus roseus or commonly called as ‘Madagascar periwinkle’ is an evergreen subshrub that grows about 1m tall. It is widely cultivated in subtropical and tropical countries like Philippines, Malaysia, India, and Australia. It is cultivated as a herbal medicine back in 2600 B.C.E. Mesopotamia. In traditional Chinese medicine, it has been used against different types of diseases like malaria, diabetes, and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Although it is used as a medicine back then, all parts of the Madagascar periwinkle is extremely poisonous of consumed orally by a human being. If ingested, it can cause hypotension, cardiac complications, mild stomach cramps, and systematic paralysis that could lead to death.

Chrysanthemum X indicum

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae

 Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Asterales 

Family: Asteraceae 

Genus: Chrysanthemum 

Species: Chrysanthemum X indicum 

Common Name: Florist's Daisy

Curator: Manuel, Sarah Joy A. (2022) 

Collection Site: Lingayen, Pangasinan 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-039

Florist's Daisies are most popularly recognized by their attractive flowers, which have a central disc with radiating petals; the petals and central discs vary in color and proportion, depending on the type of plant on which they grow. Florist daisies are commonly used as decorative and sentimental flower as it symbolizes new beginnings and rebirth, in addition to love, cheerfulness, beauty, purity, innocence, hope, fun, and affection. They're also given to new mothers as a symbol of childbirth and motherhood.

Citrus maxima

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Sapindales 

Family: Rutaceae 

Genus: Citrus L. 

Species: Citrus maxima 

Common Name: Pomelo

Curator: Vargas, Cedric Christian S. (2022)

Collection Site: Novaliches, Quezon City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-040

White to whitish-pink fragrant flowers, can be axillary or terminal; 5-petaled, each petal measuring about 1 - 1.5 cm long. It does have a light citrus fragrance and also blooms into the calamansi fruit. The Pomelo bears the Pomelo fruit which can be eaten and have health benefits as well.

Clitoria tenatea

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Fabales 

Family: Fabaceae 

Genus: Clitoria 

Species: Clitoria ternatea 

Common Name: Asian Pigeonwings

Curator: Bolilan, Desiree S. (2022) 

Collection Site: Quezon City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-041

Clitoria ternatea, commonly known as butterfly pea, is a perennial herbaceous plant from the Fabaceae family. It has recently attracted a lot of interest as it has potential applications both in modern medicine and agriculture, and as a source of natural food colorants and antioxidants. C. ternatea has long been cultivated as a forage and fodder crop, and early studies assessed the plant for these purposes. Additionally, C. ternatea has been widely used in traditional medicine, particularly as a supplement to enhance cognitive functions and alleviate symptoms of numerous ailments including fever, inflammation, pain, and diabetes.

Costus spicatus

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Zingiberales 

Family: Costaceae 

Genus: Costus 

Species: Costus spicatus 

Common Name: Indian Head Ginger

Curator: Balita, Romil C. (2022) 

Collection Site: Caloocan City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-042

Costus spicatus, also known as spiked spiral flag ginger or Indian head ginger, is a species of herbaceous plant in the Costaceae family. Costus spicatus is native to the Caribbean (including Dominica, Guadeloupe, Hispaniola, Martinique, and Puerto Rico). Costus spicatus is used in Dominican folk medicine to treat diabetes. However, In 2009, a study concluded that Costus spicatus tea had no efficacy in the treatment of obesity-induced diabetes.

Crossandra infundibuliformis

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Lamiales 

Family: Acanthaceae 

Genus: Crossandra 

Species: Crossandra infundibuliformis 

Common Name: Firecracker Flower

Curator: Salazar, Joanna Mae B. (2022)

Collection Site: Baesa, Caloocan City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-043

Crossandra infundibuliformis, commonly known as firecracker flower, is a herbaceous, evergreen, low shrub native to India, Africa, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. The plant can grow up to 1 meter tall with flowers varying from pink, orange, and red colors. Its flowers are salverform; each flower has a thin tube (2.5 cm long) with 5 lobes (2 - 4 cm wide) that are perpendicular to the tube. The throat may be red or yellow and is arranged in terminal inflorescences. Below the flowers, green, leaf-like bracts are arranged like a head of wheat and the bracts are covered in soft, white hairs." Crossandra infundibuliformis belonging to the family Acanthaceae is well known medicinal plant in various regions of India. This plant is one of the most chosen varieties for folk medicine. Flower extract is used in various conditions like fever, headache, aperitif, pain, etc."

Crossandra infundibuliformis

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Lamiales 

Family: Acanthaceae 

Genus: Crossandra 

Species: Crossandra infundibuliformis 

Common Name: Firecracker Flower

Curator: Valenzuela, Genesis Jr. F. (2022) 

Collection Site: Binangonan, Rizal 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-044

Crossandra infundibuliformis belonging to the family Acanthaceae is well known medicinal plant in various regions of India. This plant is one of the most chosen varieties for folk medicine. Flower extract is used in various conditions like fever, headache, aperitif, pain, etc.

Cucurbita maxima

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Cucurbitales 

Family: Cucurbitaceae 

Genus: Cucurbita 

Species: Cucurbita maxima 

Common Name: Squash

Curator: Reyes, Roden Abel L. (2022)

Collection Site: Bagong Silang, Caloocan City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-045

Squash or "Kalabasa" is a coarse, prostrate, or climbing, annual, herbaceous vine, reaching a length of 4 meters or more. Flowers are bell-shaped, erect, yellow and about 12 centimeters long, the corolla limb is about as wide and 5-toothed. Squash flower is edible and is usually cooked sautéed. Studies showed that its flower extracts contain anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects. Ethyl acetate extracts of flowers showed decreased respiratory rate, analgesia, diarrhea, and exophthalmos. It also exhibited superior antibacterial and antifungal activity against organisms such as Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli., Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Cochliobolus lunata, and Candida albicans.

Episcia cupreata

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Lamiales 

Family: Gesneriaceae 

Genus: Episcia 

Species: Episcia cupreata 

Common Name: Flame Violet

Curator: Estrellones, Bienjie Theo C. (2022) 

Collection Site: Pasig City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-046

Flame Violet (Episcia cupreata) is a lovely tiny houseplant with elegant leaves and small trumpet-shaped blooms. It is a member of the African violet family, the Gesneriaceae, and has a more spreading or trailing form than its familiar cousins. It shares similar cultural needs with African violets. Episcia cupreata should be planted in a rich, organic potting mix designed for African violets. They thrive when the soil's surface is allowed to dry somewhat between waterings, but never completely. Stem cuttings can also be used to propagate it.

Euphorbia milii

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Malpighiales 

Family: Euphorbiaceae 

Genus: Euphorbia 

Species: Euphorbia milii 

Common Name: Crown of Thorns

Curator: Termo, Marc Christian R. (2022) 

Collection Site: Calumpit, Bulacan 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-047

Euphorbia milii, commonly known as the crown of thorns, is an ornamental deciduous, herbaceous, perennial shrub with bright green leaves and greenish flowers. It is widely sold as a house plant. The plant can grow up to 3 feet, and some variety grows up to 6 ft in their country of origin, Madagascar. It is called the crown of thorns because it is believed that the crown of thorns placed on the head of Jesus Christ was made from the stem and branch of this plant. Amazingly there are pieces of evidence that this plant grew in the Middle East during the time of Jesus.

Gerbera jamesonii 

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Asterales 

Family: Asteraceae 

Genus: Gerbera 

Species: Gerbera jamesonii 

Common Name: Transvaal Daisy

Curator: Balita, Romil C. (2022) 

Collection Site: Manila City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-048

Because of its beautiful beauty, the gerbera daisy is a popular flower. These flowers may also be found in flower beds and are typically used as ornamental cut flowers for bouquets. These daisies are available in a variety of vivid hues, such as red, orange, yellow, pink, white, and cream. Over 30 wild species are known to exist in South America, Africa, and Asia. Although gerbera daisies are native to Africa, South America, and Asia, they may be grown in many other countries with the correct temperature. Some of its uses are Antispasmodic and treating Gout and Ulcers.

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Mavales 

Family: Mavaceae 

Genus: Hibiscus 

Species: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis 

Common Name: Gumamela

Curator: Ciocson, Jammille Angelica M. (2022) 

Collection Site: Matandang Balara, Quezon City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-049

The Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has anti-diarrhea properties. The flowers are also used for fertility treatments. In India, the flowers are ground with henna and used as a female contraceptive. There are also extracts used to affect male fertility. It may also have positive effects on heart disease. This flower is used as an herb to treat colds, help wound healing, and help with damaged or inflamed tissues. Gumamela extract may be one of the future drugs for diabetes.

Hippeastrum striatum

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Asparagales 

Family: Amaryllidaceae 

Genus: Hippeastrum 

Species: Hippeastrum striatum 

Common Name: Striped Barbados Lily

Curator: Soriaga, Leila Jeanina B. (2022) 

Collection Site: Quezon City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-050

Hippeastrum striatum, also known as Striped Barbados Lily, is native to Brazil and is naturalized in tropical areas such as Hawaii. It is an exotic perennial bulbous plant that grows all year round in sub-tropics, indoors, and in glass houses. It produces 3-6 strap-like leaves and the flowers come from two stems and last for about 4-7 days. The bulb of this species has medicinal properties that are used in asthma, bronchitis, constipation, and respiratory diseases.

Hydrangea macrophylla

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Cornales 

Family: Hydrangeaceae

Genus: Hydrangea 

Species: Hydrangea macrophylla 

Common Name: Big Leaf Hydrangea

Curator: Angtui, Rose Ann D. (2022)

Collection Site: Dangwa, Manila City

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-051

Bigleaf Hydrangeas produces large, rounded flower heads, up to 8 inches across, densely packed with a variety of colors depending on the soil pH. Hydrangeas, across many cultures, have several symbolisms. In Japan, it is a sign of gratitude and apology while others associate them with honesty. However, in Europe, Hydrangea used to symbolize arrogance and it, later on, became synonymous with frigidity in the Medieval Era during which people believed that young women who grew Hydrangeas would never be able to find a spouse. At present, hydrangeas have become the dominant player in the ornamental market and flowering shrub world. There’s enough breeding occurring now that everyone can selectively choose varieties that are going to be good for the grower, good for the retailer, and good for the homeowner.

Hymenocallis littoralis

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Asparagales 

Family: Amaryllidaceae 

Genus: Hymenocallis 

Species: Hymenocallis littoralis 

Common Name: Beach Spider Lily 

Curator: Masangkay, Cherie Anne M. (2022) 

Collection Site: Baseco Port Area, Manila City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-052

Hymenocallis littoralis (Beach Spider Lily) is a tender bulbous perennial boasting showy umbels of 4-6 large, vanilla-scented, each flower has slender recurved petals and elongated stamens emerging from a central cup. The flowers open up to look like giant white spiders, each blossom featuring a central cup and 6 incredibly long, slender petals which are 14 to 17 cm long. The flowers will open one by one in 4 to 5 days. The flowers rise atop leafless stalks, well above the evergreen foliage of fleshy, crowded, glossy dark green leaves. It grows from 30 to 70 cm tall with narrow-sword -shaped leaves. It is native to Latin America including Mexico, Peru, and Brazil, but is widely cultivated in tropical countries. The ethanol extract of H. littoralis has anti-inflammatory properties and can reduce inflammatory injury and tissue damage. The study serves as scientific proof for the use of H. littoralis flowers in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory-related diseases.

Ixora chinensis

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Gentianales 

Family: Rubiaceae 

Genus: Ixora L. 

Species: Ixora chinensis 

Common Name: Chinese Ixora 

Curator: Romero, Cynthia C (2022) 

Collection Site: Taytay, Rizal 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-053

Ixora chinensis, commonly known as Chinese Ixora, is a tropical evergreen shrub native to China. It is also known as Chinese Ixora. The crimson berries and clusters of vivid blooms that bloom nearly year-round make this a favorite decorative shrub. A red-orange colored carved crown with four tears, rounded four-valve flowers are gathered together in 20-30 rings to produce a semispherical bloom in a double-inflorescence inflorescence. The genus name "Ixora" is derived from the Sanskrit words "Iswara" and "Shiva deity." The seed name "chinensis" stands for "Origin of China."

Ixora coccinea

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Gentianales 

Family: Rubiaceae 

Genus: Ixora L. 

Species: Ixora coccinea 

Common Name: Scarlet Jungle Flame 

Curator: Cordero, Ivan Josef S. (2022)

Collection Site: San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-054

Ixora coccinea, commonly known as scarlet jungle flame, is native to Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. It has been introduced to other tropical regions around the world and today is widely grown as a popular ornamental shrub. Ixora coccinea is a dense, multi-branched evergreen shrub, commonly 4–6 ft (1.2–1.8 m) in height, but capable of reaching up to 12 ft (3.7 m) high. It has a rounded form, with a spread that may exceed its height. The glossy, leathery, oblong leaves are about 4 in (10 cm) long, with entire margins, and are carried in opposite pairs or whorled on the stems. Several Ixora species are used in traditional medicine, e.g. as an astringent and to treat dysentery and tuberculosis. The use in China and India is widespread. An infusion of the leaves or flowers of several species is administered to treat fever, headache, and colic. A decoction of the roots is used as a sedative; the roots are believed to be more potent.

Jasminum sambac

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Lamiales 

Family: Oleaceae 

Genus: Jasminum 

Species: Jasminum sambac 

Common Name: Sampaguita 

Curator: Reyes, Roden Abel L. (2022)

Collection Site: Bagong Silang, Caloocan City 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-055

Sampaguita is a spreading or sprawling, smooth shrub, usually less than 2 meters in height. Leaves are glossy, ovate or rounded and 6 to 12 centimeters long, with short stalks, pointed or blunt tip, and pointed or rounded base. Flowers are white, very fragrant, and borne singly or in threes on axillary or terminal inflorescences. Sampaguita is the national flower of the Philippines. It is usually used as a floral offering and adornment for altars, and oftentimes is strung into flower necklaces. Studies show that Sampaguita extracts showed antimicrobial activity against pathogens, scoring highest with Salmonella typhi, and lowest with Staphylococcus aureus. They also contain anti-lactation properties which are applied to the breasts for an inexpensive alternative suppression of puerperal lactation.

Lagerstroemia speciosa

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Myrtales

Family: Lythraceae

Genus: Lagerstroemia

Species: Lagerstroemia speciosa

Common Name: Banaba

Curator: Regis, Wayne Francis F. (2022)

Collection Site: San Pablo, Laguna

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-056

Banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa) is a tree species widely known for its aesthetic value attributed to its purple flowers. It is native to the tropical regions of southeast Asia including the Philippines. In the Philippines, its flowers bloom during the months of April-June. Aside from its aesthetics, banaba is a common herbal plant used in the country for its anti-hypoglycemic effect.

Lilium orientalis 'Stargazer'

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Liliales

Family: Liliaceae

Genus: Lilium

Species: Lilium orientalis ‘Stargazer’

Common Name: Stargazer Lily

Curator: Ciocson, Jammille Angelica M. (2022)

Collection Site: Farmer’s Market, Cubao

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-057

It is one of the world's most popular ornamental plants. It offers a variety of fragrances, from mild to intense, making it a rich biochemical and genetic resource for scents and flavors. In recent years, basic information on lily floral perfume chemicals and emission patterns has been gathered, although the aroma of Lilium remains unknown. It is also frequently used in floral arrangements and as a cut flower. This plant is bad for cats. Lethargy, vomiting, and renal failure can result. Nevertheless, the flower is not known to make people or other animals sick. Stargazer lily is not utilized in food or drinks, nor is it used in herbalism or medicine.

Malvaviscus arboreus

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Malvales 

Family: Malvaceae 

Genus: Malvaviscus 

Species: Malvaviscus arboreus 

Common Name: Turk’s Turban 

Curator: Cordero, Ivan Josef S. (2022)

Collection Site: San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-058

Malvaviscus arboreus is a species of flowering plant in the hibiscus family, Malvaceae, that is native to the Southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America. The specific name, arboreus, refers to the tree-like appearance of a mature plant. Its red, tubular flowers are borne singly at the leaf axils, about 2-3.5 cm long and 5-petaled. Its fruits are fleshy capsules that ripen to bright red and usually contain 3-4 seeds. This flowering plant is widely grown as a garden ornamental, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and it is now quite widespread and is becoming common in coastal areas, old gardens, roadsides, waste grounds and secondary forests. People use the flower and leaf to make medicine. It is used for irritation of the mouth and throat, dry cough, and bronchitis. It is also used for stomach and bladder complaints. To treat wounds, some people put mallow in a warm moist dressing (poultice) and apply it directly to the skin, or add it to bath water. In foods, mallow is used as a coloring agent.

Melampodium divaricatum

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Asterales 

Family: Asteraceae 

Genus: Melampodium L. 

Species: Melampodium divaricatum 

Common Name: Butter Daisy 

Curator: Cambronero, Meryl Lou A. (2022)

Collection Site: San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-059

Melampodium divaricatum, commonly called melampodium or butter daisy, is an aster family annual that produces solitary daisy-like flowers (to 1 in wide) with yellow rays and darker yellow centers from spring to fall on plants growing 12-24 inches tall and spreading 10 to 15 inches wide. Light green, entire, oblong stem leaves on purplish stems. This member of the aster family originated in the tropical regions of Central and South America. The leaves are opposite, slightly fuzzy, and have smooth, wavy, or slightly toothed margins. It is one of the easiest annuals to grow in well-drained soils and full sun. Once established, melampodium is drought tolerant and only requires watering if overly dry. Melampodium divaricatum is a member of the Asteraceae, its flowers being used in anti-inflammatory preparations. This plant also possesses cancer chemopreventive properties.

Oxalis triangularis

Domain: Eukarya 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Phylum: Tracheophyta

 Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Oxalidales 

Family: Oxalidaceae 

Genus: Oxalis 

Species: Oxalis triangularis 

Common Name: Butterfly Plant 

Curator: Rañola, Rezbert Dames A. (2022)

Collection Site: Tandang Sora, Quezon CIty 

Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-060

The trifoliate leaves resemble a shamrock and can be green to variegated to deep maroon in color. The leaves close up at night or when disturbed. The white to pink 5-petaled flowers bloom in clusters in spring to summer on stems held above the plant and also close at night. The shamrock and Irish culture are so intertwined thanks to Ireland's patron saint, St. Patrick. Legends attest to St. Patrick using the three petals of the shamrock to illustrate the mysteries of the Holy Trinity to the Celtic pagans.

Pachystachys lutea

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: LamialesFamily: AcanthaceaeGenus: PachystachysSpecies: Pachystachys luteaCommon Name: Golden Shrimp PlantCurator: Tinaco, Carla P. (2022)Collection Site: San Andres, Manila CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-061
Also known as golden candle plant, lollipop plant, and yellow shrimp plant, the Pachystachys lutea is a soft-stemmed and broad-leaved plant that is native to lowland areas of South and Central America. With its overlapping bright yellow bracts and conical inflorescence, the plant gained its common name as its flowers vaguely resembled a shrimp. In contrast to its golden petals, Pachystachys lutea also has white, two-lipped individual flowers or corolla that protrude from its cordate bracts. There is no reported medicinal use of the Golden Shrimp Plant in the Philippines. However, the species is being used to treat fever, coughs, colds, and hair loss in some countries. Indigenous people of the Mishing tribe of Assam have also been reported to utilize the root of the Pachystachys lutea to treat pneumonia.

Pereskia grandifolia

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: CaryophyllalesFamily: CactaceaeGenus: Pereskia Mill.Species: Pereskia grandifoliaCommon Name: Rose cactus/PereskiaCurator: Villaraza, Ralph Ace E. (2022)Collection Site: Balong Bato, San Juan CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-062

These plants grow best in full sun or bright, direct light.  They prefer moist soil but can tolerate infrequent watering. Rose cactus is a species belonging to a small genus, Pereskia with four species in the Cetacea family that is native to South America and is believed that this genus is the original one from which all other cacti evolved.  Species range in form from shrubs to small trees to vines.  It is like other cacti with its showy flowers but unlike other cacti, in that, it has fleshy leaves and non-succulent stems. Being tropical plants, these grow best in warm temperatures and high humidity.  Prune as necessary to promote a bushier habit. Rose cactus is used as a traditional medicine in many parts of India to reduce swelling.

Portulaca grandiflora

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllanae Family: Portulacaceae Genus: Portulaca Species: Portulaca grandiflora Common Name: Moss Rose Curator: Otero, Ferr Aason Paolo E. (2022) Collection Site: Antipolo, Rizal Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-063
Moss rose, Portulaca grandiflora, is a drought and heat tolerant annual native to hot, dry plains in Argentina, southern Brazil, and Uruguay. This herbaceous plant in the purslane family (Portulacaceae) is cultivated throughout the world as a garden annually for its showy flowers that bloom all summer long with little care. It is related to the weed purslane (P. oleracea), and like that plant has escaped naturalizing in some parts of the country on roadsides and in waste places. In the ornamental industry moss rose may be listed as P. oleracea, P. umbraticola or P. grandiflora, but many cultivars are likely hybrids. It is used in the treatment of hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver with ascites, swelling, and pain in the pharynx. The fresh juice of the leaves and stems is applied externally as a lotion to snake and insect bites, burns, scalds, and eczema.

Ptilotus exaltatus

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophillales Family: Amaranthaceae Genus: Ptilotus Species: Ptilotus exaltatus Common Name: Mulla Mulla Curator: Hernandez, Arwil S. (2022) Collection Site: Calamba, Laguna Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-064
Ptilotus exaltatus or also known as Mulla Mulla is most commonly found in arid regions of Australia, specific to places like acacia shrublands, eucalyptus woodlands, and grasslands. This short-lived perennial species has basal leaves and pink to purple spikes that are most widely used in horticulture, floriculture, and agriculture. Ptilotus is one of the largest and most diverse genera in its family and is said to have 120 species popular in gardens.

Rosa chinensis

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: RosalesFamily: RosaceaeGenus: RosaSpecies: Rosa chinensisCommon Name: Chinese RoseCurator: Bolilan, Desiree S. (2022)Collection Site: Quezon CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-065
In its native southwest China, Rosa chinensis is a shrub to 2m tall with single, semi-double or double flowers with red, pink, white, or purple petals. Chinese roses were cultivated in their native lands for millennia before Europeans got to know them. Chinese roses were immediately popular with gardeners and rose breeders since they flowered repeatedly throughout the summer. Roses attract gardeners not only for their color and vibrancy but for their scents. The Floral scent is one of the ways that flowers lure insects to act as unwitting pollinators and perhaps get a nectar, pollen, or oil reward. The Scent is particularly important when there are poor visual cues for pollinators.

Rosa x alba

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: RosalesFamily: RosaceaeGenus: RosaSpecies: Rosa x albaCommon Name: White Rose of York Curator: Angtui, Rose Ann D. (2022)Collection Site: Dangwa, Manila CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-066
Rosa × alba, the white rose of York, is a hybrid rose of unknown parentage that has been cultivated in Europe since ancient times. In the form of tea, tincture, essential oil, and water hydrolat, the rose has several famous benefits for skin, mental and women’s health. It also contains many free-radical fighting antioxidants and is naturally antibacterial. It is known as the “Queen of the Flowers” and has been used and recommended for various ailments from ancient times until the present days. Roses have forever been associated with love and beauty as they were revered by the ancient Greeks and Romans who used rose petals to adorn their baths – not only for their heady fragrance but for their beautifying properties too. Currently, rose cultivation provides employment to workers in the farming, transportation, marketing, and delivery industries as well as wholesale and retail sales outlets.

Tagetes erecta

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Tagetes L. Species: Tagetes erecta Common Name: African Marigold Curator: Cambronero, Meryl Lou A. (2022)Collection Site: San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-067
Tagetes erecta, also called African, Aztec, and Mexican marigold is a species of flowering plant in the genus Tagetes native to Mexico. It is a frequently cultivated, tender, flowering, herbaceous annual or houseplant known for its large flowerheads. Despite its being native to the Americas, it is often called African marigold. This plant includes a variety of essential phytochemical constituents in its different parts. It shows different pharmacological activities such as anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, insecticidal, larvicidal, hepatoprotective, antipyretic, wound healing, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiepileptic, and antifungal. Fever, astringent, carminative, stomachic, scabies and liver problems, eye illnesses, blood purification, bleeding piles, rheumatism, colds, and bronchitis are all treated with various parts of the plant. Tagetes erecta specifically its flowers which are used in folk medicine to treat cardiovascular and renal diseases. This plant includes a variety of essential phytochemical constituents in its different parts.

Taraxacum officinale

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: AsteralesFamily: AsteraceaeGenus: TaraxacumSpecies: Taraxacum officinaleCommon Name: Common DandelionCurator: Estrellones, Bienjie Theo C. (2022)Collection Site: Pasig CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-068
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) contains vitamins A, B, C, and D, as well as minerals including iron, potassium, and zinc. Dandelion leaves are used in salads, sandwiches, and drinks to add taste. Some coffee replacements contain the roots, while the blooms are used to produce wine. Hundreds of dandelion species thrive in temperate parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Dandelion is a tough perennial that can grow to be nearly 12 inches tall. The leaves of the plants are sharply notched, toothy, spatula-like, and hairless. Dandelion leaves work as a diuretic, increasing the volume of pee produced by your body. The leaves are used to increase appetite and aid digestion. The Dandelion flower contains antioxidants. Dandelion may also boost the immune system. Dandelion root and leaves are used by herbalists to cleanse the liver and gallbladder, and dandelion leaves to assist kidney function.

Tecoma stans

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: LamialesFamily: BignoniaceaeGenus: TecomaSpecies: Tecoma stansCommon Name: Yellow BellCurator: Dellosa, Jeffrey D. (2022)Collection Site: San Andres, Manila CityCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-069
Tecoma stans or Yellow Bell is a non-ornamental shrub that is native to Mexico and Latin America, tho it can also be seen in India and other parts of Asia. It was named after its appearance which symbolizes a “bell-like” structure, hence, the name Yellow Bell. In Mexico, it was used as a folk remedy for type-2 diabetes. The leaves and flowers are also used to treat fever, colds, headaches, jaundice, and kidney problems. The leaves contain the alkaloids known as “tecomine” and “tecostamine”, which have been found to lower blood glucose (sugar) levels when given intravenously to laboratory animals.

Thevetia peruviana

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: GentianalesFamily: ApocynaceaeGenus: ThevetiaSpecies: Thevetia peruviana Common Name: Yellow Oleander Curator: Villaraza, Ralph Ace E. (2022) Collection Site: Balong Bato, San Juan City Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-070
This plant is a small ornamental tree that grows to about 10 to 15 feet high.  The leaves are spirally arranged, linear, and about 13 to 15 cm in length.  Flowers are bright yellow and funnel-shaped with 5 petals spirally twisted and are native to Central & South America, but are now frequently grown throughout the tropical and sub-tropical regions. A recent study shows that T. peruviana leaves and fruit rind extracts possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory-based wound healing properties, which signifies the importance of this plant for future use in the pharmaceutical industry for the development of effective wound healing drugs.

Torenia fournieri

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: LamialesFamily: LinderniceaeGenus: ToreniaSpecies: Torenia fournieriCommon Name: Wishbone FlowerCurator: Lesaca, Jemuel L. (2022)Collection Site: Quezon City Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-071
The plant genus Torenia is named after the Reverend Olof Toren, who served as a priest for the Swedish East India Company in India, Surat, and China throughout the 18th century. Torenia fournieri is an annual herbaceous plant with a thick, bushy crown that can reach a maximum height of 30 cm. The popular name for this flower is derived from the form of the anthers, which resemble a chicken wishbone. When examined on a rat brain homogenate model, it was shown that the edible flower of Torenia fournieri Linden ex E. Fourn possessed substantial levels of antioxidant activity.

Vitex negundo

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: Lamiales Family: Lamjaceae Genus: Vitex Species: Vitex negudo Common Name: Lagundi Curator: Regis, Wayne Francis F. (2022) Collection Site: San Pablo, LagunaCollection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-072
Lagundi (Vitex negundo) is a tree species widely cultivated in south and southeast Asia characterized by five foliate leaves and small purple florets. It is an ethnobotanically important plant that stems from its rich occurrence of bioactive compounds exhibiting antidiabetic, anticancer, and antimicrobial effects.

Wrightia antidysenterica

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Gentianales Family: Apocynaceae Genus: Wrightia Species: Wrightia antidysenterica Common Name: Coral Swirl Curator: Rañola, Rezbert Dames A. (2022)Collection Site: Tandang Sora, Quezon City Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-073
Wrightia antidysenterica is a small and compact semi-deciduous shrub, reaching 1.2-2 meters in height, with a spread of about 1.5 meters. A moderate grower with several short and divaricate branches that turn chocolaty brown as it ages, and adorned with dark green, ovate and acuminate leaves (2.5-6cm long) that are oppositely arranged. It is a valuable medicinal plant in India. The juice from the bark is administered for mouth sores. The leaves are used in treating several skin disorders, such as psoriasis.

Xerochrysum bracteatum

Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Xenochrysum Species: Xenochrysum bracteatum Common Name: Everlasting/Strawflower Curator: Lesaca, Jemuel L. (2022) Collection Site: Quezon City Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-074
Everlasting is a vigorous annual plant that may grow to a height of between 30 and 60 cm and has practically unbranched, slender stems. The leaves are opposite each other, oval-shaped, with whole margins, and they narrow toward the plant's base. Both sides of the blade are colored green. Baguio and Tagaytay, which are located at higher altitudes, are where it may bloom the most. The species is endemic to New Zealand and the rest of Australasia. It is a popular flower since it may be used for decorating or on altars indefinitely after being dried. While fresh, everlasting/strawflower has no odor but once dried, some claim it repels moths. The oil is used for tobacco flavor and as a fixative in perfumes and cosmetics.

Zinnia angustifolia

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: PlantaePhylum: TracheophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: AsteralesFamily: AsteraceaeGenus: ZinniaSpecies: Zinnia angustifoliaCommon Name: Narrow-leaf ZinniaCurator: Otero, Ferr Aason Paolo E. (2022) Collection Site: Rodriguez, Rizal Collection Code: BSEDSCHe2-F-075
This North American native attracts butterflies and is great for cutting flowers. They are lanceolate, ovate, oblong in shape, dark green, and hairy with prominent veins. Flowers bloom in white, red, orange, yellow, and pink. Warmer zones may grow them as perennials, or self-seeding annuals, and plants sometimes return in colder areas from dropped seeds. Some species of the Zinnia genus have been studied for their potential biological actions, such as antifungal, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, antimalarial, cytotoxic (demonstrated on cancer cell lines), and insecticidal.

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